The Insight
The verse does not say fire comes from dry wood, the obvious choice. It says God made fire from the green, living tree, al-akhdar (الأخضَر), and names it as fire's origin. Modern chemistry reveals why this is precisely correct. Photosynthesis is the process by which living green plants capture energy from sunlight and lock it into chemical bonds, in sugars, cellulose, and lignin. When biological fuels burn, no new energy is produced. The energy stored by living green matter is released. This is true not just for wood. Coal formed from organic material derived largely from ancient vegetation, its energy locked from sunlight by living plants millions of years ago. Every hearth, every campfire, every furnace burning wood or coal releases energy that was originally captured by a living green plant. The green tree is not one way to make fire. It is where our fires come from. The process of photosynthesis was not understood until 1779, when Jan Ingenhousz demonstrated that living plants absorb light and store it. The chemistry of energy locked in organic compounds took another century to fully describe. The verse named the origin of fire fourteen centuries before science could explain why.